Anatomic Pathology

Overview

Anatomic Pathology is a medical specialty focused on diagnosing disease through the examination of tissues and cells. Using biopsies, surgical specimens, and cytology samples, pathologists analyze both the gross (visible) and microscopic features of disease. This work is essential for identifying conditions such as cancer, infections, and inflammatory disorders. 

Major Subspecialties:

Surgical Pathology

• Examines tissues removed during surgery or biopsy
• Determines diagnosis (e.g., benign vs malignant tumors)
• Assesses margins, tumor size, and spread

Cytopathology

• Studies individual cells rather than whole tissue
• Common examples: Pap smears, fine needle aspirations (FNA)

Autopsy Pathology

• Investigates cause of death
• Provides insight into disease processes and medical care

Dermatopathology

• Focuses on skin diseases
• Combines pathology with dermatology expertise

Neuropathology

• Studies diseases of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Forensic Pathology

• Determines cause and manner of death in legal contexts